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2015-07-02 紅藍藥水漸淘汰

2010-07-25 Gentian violet solution

有日輕微燒親 下腿. 最終買了枝 藍藥水. 上面寫咗 Gentian Violet, 咁去 Wiki查下.  覺得幾有用, 於是copy咗嚟.

Gentian violet (crystal violet, methyl violet 10B, hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride) is a bactericide and an antifungal agent, the primary agent used in the Gram stain test, perhaps the single most important bacterial identification test in use today, and it is also used by hospitals for the treatment of serious heat burns and other injuries to the skin and gums. Typically prepared as a weak (e.g. 1%) solution in water, it is painted on skin or gums to treat or prevent fungal infections. Gentian violet does not require a doctor's prescription (in the US), but is not easily found in drug stores. Tampons treated with gentian violet are sometimes used for vaginal applications.
The name "gentian violet" refers to its colour, being like that of the petals of a gentian flower; it is not made from gentians or from violets.
Applications
Gentian violet is commonly used for
Marking the skin for surgery preparation and allergy testing
Tinea; e.g. Athlete's foot, jock itch, and ringworm
Candida albicans and related infections; e.g. thrush, yeast infections
Mouth ulcers[1]
Impetigo, used primarily before the advent of antibiotics, but still useful to persons who may be allergic to penicillin, as it cleans the open sores and prevents spread of the contagion
Abrasion; It has also one of the best agents for "scabbing" up an abrasion or "strawberry" type of weeping wound where the flesh is abraded away. It will prevent infection in almost any wound or burn and quickly help the epithelium form a scab. It does not burn when applied and temporary skin discoloration is a minor side effect.
In forensics, gentian violet was used to develop fingerprints. Crystal violet is also used as a tissue stain in the preparation of light microscopy sections.[2]
In laboratory, solutions containing crystal violet and formalin are often used to simultaneously fix and stain cells grown in tissue culture to preserve them and make them easily visible, since most cells are colourless. It is also sometimes used as a cheap way to put identification markings on laboratory mice since many strains of lab mice are albino so the purple colour stays on their fur for several weeks.
In body piercing, gentian violet is commonly used to mark the location for placing piercings, including surface piercings.
Gentian violet was once used as antiseptic for Singaporean prisoners who received caning. The solution was applied after the procedure.
Although not recommended some women have used Gentian violet to take away brassy, orange colors from blond hair.
Precautions
One study in mice demonstrated dose-related carcinogenic potential at several different organ sites[3][4]. The Food and Drug Administration in the US has determined that gentian violet has not been shown by adequate scientific data to be safe for use in animal feed. Use of gentian violet in animal feed causes the feed to be adulterated and is a violation of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in the US. On June 28, 2007, the US food and Drug Administration issued an "import alert" on farm raised seafood from China because unapproved antimicrobials, including gentian violet, had been consistently found in the products. The FDA report states:
"Like MG [malachite green], CV [crystal violet] is readily absorbed into fish tissue from water exposure and is reduced metabolically by fish to the leuco moiety, leucocrystal violet (LCV). Several studies by the National Toxicology Program reported that the carcinogenic and mutagenic effects of crystal violet in rodents. It has also been linked to increased risk of human bladder cancer. The leuco form induces renal, hepatic and lung tumor in mice."[5]
Gentian violet's worst common side effect is staining skin and cloth, but it can easily be washed off of skin with a solution of bleach and water. However, if used on ulcerations or open wounds it can cause tattooing. It is generally considered safe for use on children and breastfeeding mothers. It has even been applied to the mouth and lips of premature infants, and has a long history of safe use. Many have recommended it for thrush on the nipple, and La Leche League lists gentian violet as a possible alternative.[6] However, in large quantities, gentian violet may lead to ulceration of a baby's mouth and throat and is linked with mouth cancer.[7] Gentian violet has also been linked to cancer in the digestive tract of other animals[8].
2015-07-02 紅藍藥水漸淘汰

一度是急救箱之寶的紅藥水、藍藥水及黃藥水,蘇曜華不建議使用,原因是紅藥水含水銀,有機會引起中毒,藍藥水含龍膽紫,有致癌嫌疑,醫院已不再使用﹔至於黃藥水,由於有更好的傷口消毒藥水,即醫院中人稱之為「茄汁」的Unisept取代,黃藥水也逐漸被淘汰。
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